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Domestic Development Status of Antibiotic Bacteria Residue

The solid waste produced during the production of antibiotics is bacterial residue, and its main components are the mycelium of the antibiotic-producing bacteria, unused culture medium, metabolites produced during the fermentation process, degradation products of the culture medium, and a small amount of antibiotics, etc. . In the residue of antibiotic fermentation waste bacteria, due to the residual culture medium and a small amount of antibiotics and their degradation products, they are potentially harmful to the ecological environment. It has been regarded by the international community as one of the main public hazards in the production of antibiotics. This is also the world The reasons for the discontinuation of antibiotic raw materials in some developed countries. Due to the high content of organic matter in bacteria residues, it can cause secondary fermentation, darken color, produce foul smell, and seriously affect the environment. Therefore, for a long time, people have been actively seeking an economical, efficient, and large-capacity pollution control method.

my country is the world’s largest producer and exporter of APIs. In 2015, the output of antibiotic APIs reached more than 140,000 tons, and more than 1 million tons of medical bacteria residues to be processed each year. How to properly handle and comprehensively utilize biomedical residues has a broad market space. The product after the environmental protection treatment of the bacterial residue can be used as a soil conditioner for raw material production, which can improve more than 5 million mu of barren saline-alkali agricultural soil, improve the soil structure, and increase the nutrition of crops. The integrated technology for the harmless treatment of biomedicine can maximize the comprehensive utilization of biomedical residue resources, which has realistic economic benefits and long-term social and environmental benefits.

Characteristics of antibiotic slag

The moisture content of antibiotic bacteria residue is 79%~92%, the crude protein content in the dry basis of antibiotic bacteria residue is 30%~40%, the crude fat content is 10%~20%, and there are some metabolic intermediate products. Organic solvents, calcium, magnesium, trace elements and a small amount of residual antibiotics.

Different antibiotics have different types and processes, and the composition of the bacterial residue is also diverse. Even the same antibiotics, because of the different processes, have a variety of ingredients.

Domestic and foreign technical processing industry trends

Since the 1950s, antibiotic residues have been used as feed additives to make high-protein feeds. my country has also been committed to research in this area since 1980. Studies have found that adding antibiotic mycelium to feed has two positive effects. On the one hand, it can promote the growth of poultry and increase productivity, and because its residual drug components can prevent certain diseases, adding an appropriate amount can help Reduce the cost of feed use and the mortality rate of poultry. But on the other hand, a small amount of antibiotics remaining in the mycelium residues and degradation products of antibiotic bacteria will be enriched in animals, and humans will be enriched in humans after eating, so that the human body will develop drug resistance. During the onset of disease, a large amount of The dosage can alleviate the condition and seriously endanger human health. At the same time, most of the mycelial residues are dried by the sun, which seriously pollutes the surrounding environment. In 2002, the Ministry of Agriculture, the Ministry of Health, and the State Drug Administration issued an announcement “Catalogue of Drugs Prohibited to Use in Feed and Drinking Water for Animals”, including antibiotics. According to the requirements of the “Pharmaceutical Industry Pollution Prevention and Control Technology Policy” issued by the Ministry of Environmental Protection in March 2012, a large amount of mycelial waste will be classified as hazardous waste and must be incinerated or safely landfilled. There is a certain degree of difficulty in the technical and economic costs of an enterprise. Under the existing conditions, the processing cost may exceed the production cost.

The pharmaceutical industry in my country is developing rapidly. Millions of tons of antibiotic bacterial waste are produced every year, but there is no safe and effective treatment method. Therefore, it is urgent to find an efficient, environmentally friendly, and large-volume treatment method.